International Journal of Geoscience, Engineering and Technology
ISSN: 2675-2883 The International Journal of Geoscience, Engineering and Technology is an interdisciplinary journal publishing biannually, linked to the Postgraduate Program of Technology, Environment and Society of the Federal University of Jequitinhonha and Mucuri Valleys (PPGTAS / UFVJM). We accept manuscripts in English, Portuguese or Spanish. We receive submissions in a continuous flow. Publications occur in April and October of each year. The manuscript must not have been published in another journal that is completely unpublished. The journal covers the following areas: Geology, Geophysics, Geography, Geotechnics, Environment and Environmental Resources, Geological and Environmental Hazards, Engineering, Rock and Soil Mechanics, Structures, Rock and Mineral Geochronology, Ecological Materials, Alternative Concrete, Sanitation, Urban Planning, Alternative Energy, Chemistry, Quantitative Methods, Climate Change, Public Policy, Economic Policies, Agrarian Sciences, Forest Policy, Geoprocessing, Geomorphology, Geodesy, Topography, Petrology and Mineralogy, Groundwater and Water Resources. Attention: Accepting articles. The deadline is March 31 for the April edition and September 30 for the October edition of each year.
Programa de Pós Graduação em Tecnologia, Ambiente e Sociedade (PPGTAS) da Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM)
All articles published in this journal are licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International.
Derechos de autor 2025 International Journal of Geoscience, Engineering and Technology https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Editorial to the twelfth issue of the International Journal of Geoscience, Engineering and Technology
Editorial to the twelfth issue of the International Journal of Geoscience, Engineering and Technology.
The first hydrographic and forest survey of the Mucuri Valley in the 19th century
In 1836, the landlord Antônio da Costa Pinto, taking into account the interests of the Brazilian Empire, ordered the engineer Pierre Victor Renault to make a survey of the forests of Mucuri and the Todos os Santos River in order to choose a place for the construction of a colony and also due to interest in research on the mineral resources in the region. This expedition concluded in 1837 and produced a report that significantly enhanced regional knowledge of the Mucuri Valley. During his journey of clearing certain areas of Minas Gerais, in the region of the present Valley of Mucuri, he discovered a new river that the natives called Mokury, which was later definitively named Rio Mucuri. Found valuable minerals along the route of the Todos os Santos River, chrysolite, seawater, and withdrew from the banks of the small stream called Americanas. Among these, there was a beryl of two and a half pounds, which King John VI presented to the French Emperor Napoleon I, and which is in the Louvre Museum, in the form of a cup. This expedition resulted in a report that contributed to a greater regional knowledge of the Mucuri Valley.
Correlation between Compressive Strength and Cement Content in Soil-Cement Blocks
This study investigates the correlation between the compressive strength of soil-cement blocks and the cement content in their mixture. A systematic literature review was conducted, collecting data from 12 scientific articles, resulting in 87 studies. The selected studies provided important information on the cement content, compressive strength, and casting characteristics of the blocks. The data were organized and statistically analyzed using Microsoft Excel 2019. A linear regression model was applied to evaluate the relationship between cement content and compressive strength measured at 28 days of curing. The results indicate a positive correlation (Pearson's correlation coefficient, r = 0.589) as described in the literature, suggesting that increasing cement content generally improves compressive strength. However, the results also reveal that other factors, such as soil type, compaction pressure, curing conditions, and moisture content, significantly influence the improvement in block performance. This research contributes to the optimization of soil-cement formulations, promoting more sustainable construction practices, minimizing cement consumption, and ensuring structural integrity. Limitations of the study include the variability in experimental conditions between the reviewed studies and the reliance on secondary data. Future research should incorporate experimental investigations to validate and expand on these results.
Areas of geohydrological risk in the urban perimeter of the Municipality of Coluna in the State of Minas Gerais
This study presents the initial results of the geohydrological risk survey conducted in the Municipality of Coluna, State of Minas Gerais, Brazil. In this matter, field surveys were conducted, integrating with historical records of landslides and floods, which enabled the classification of geohydrological risks from R1 to R4, in accordance with the methodology of the Brazilian Ministry of Cities, as well as an understanding of the region's vulnerability. With unplanned urbanization, human interventions, road construction, and building in unsuitable areas, the risk of environmental disasters is increased in the city of Coluna, characterized by soils susceptible to erosion, irregular topography, and steep slopes, increases during the rainy season. The results obtained at the six points studied, called A, B, C, D, E and F, indicate that the lack of adequate drainage, combined with interventions without technical criteria, increases soil instability and population exposure, with Points A, B, E and F being high risk (R3) and Points C and D being medium risk (R2). It is therefore essential to implement prevention and mitigation strategies, such as rigorous urban planning, inspection, containment and drainage works, and environmental education, as fundamental measures to reduce vulnerabilities, protect lives, and promote safer and more sustainable development in the city of Coluna.
Zoning of forest fire risk in the city of Teófilo Otoni, Mucuri Valley, Minas Gerais, Brazil
Forest fires, intensified by anthropogenic pressure and climate change, pose a significant threat to ecosystems and socioeconomic activities. This study aimed to perform wildfire risk zoning in Teófilo Otoni, Minas Gerais, in order to identify vulnerable areas and support conservation and sustainable management policies. Maps were developed using QGIS software, considering slope aspect, gradient, distance from urban clusters, proximity to road networks, and land use and land cover, based on data from the Digital Elevation Model (MDE), the Spatial Data Infrastructure of the State Environmental System (IDE-SISEMA) and the MapBiomas Project, Collection 10 (2024). The results showed that 65.60% of the municipal territory presents Moderate to Very High risk, particularly in agricultural areas, north-facing slopes, and regions near highways. The consistency of the zoning was confirmed by the 227 fire hotspots recorded between 2020 and 2025, highlighting its relevance for local environmental planning.
National Solid Waste Policy: analysis of final disposal in Teófilo Otoni/MG and the surrounding area
This article examines the effectiveness of the National Solid Waste Policy (PNRS), established by Law n°. 12,305/2010, in municipalities with high socioeconomic vulnerability in the semi-arid region of Minas Gerais. The focus is on Teófilo Otoni and neighboring areas in the Mucuri Valley. The study uses a literature review and analyzes secondary data from official sources, including the IBGE. The results reveal several problems: the continuous existence of uncontrolled landfills, limited structured public policies, weak implementation of Municipal Integrated Solid Waste Management Plans (PMGIRS), and a lack of effective inter-municipal cooperation. Furthermore, the analysis highlights fragmented governance and inadequate technical and financial support for smaller municipalities. Although the PNRS represents a significant regulatory advancement, its implementation in peripheral regions is limited by structural and operational challenges. The study suggests that strengthening inter-municipal partnerships, promoting inclusive recycling practices, and ensuring sufficient funding mechanisms are vital to improving the policy's effectiveness at the local level.
Vagão Sustentável: Extension Practices for the SDGs - Insights from a UFVJM Experience in the Mucuri Valley
This paper presents the results carried out at the Mucuri Campus of the Federal University of the Jequitinhonha and Mucuri Valleys (UFVJM), in Teófilo Otoni, Minas Gerais, held in reference to World Environment Day. The initiative aimed to raise awareness among the academic and local community regarding responsible consumption, environmental education, and solidarity. The actions included a swap fair, ecological thrift store, donation drive, selective waste collection, and seedling distribution, all conducted in an integrated and coordinated manner. Participants included students, faculty members, administrative staff, representatives from ASCANOVI, the State Institute of Forests (IEF), and elderly residents from the Vila Esperança neighborhood in the city. As outcomes, food and clothing were collected and donated to the “Pão Nosso de Cada Noite” Project, approximately 50 native and fruit tree seedlings were distributed by the IEF, and recyclable waste was properly disposed of, reinforcing the sustainable dimension of the activity. The experience was aligned with five Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) from the UN’s 2030 Agenda: SDG 1 - No Poverty, SDG 11 - Sustainable Cities and Communities, SDG 12 - Responsible Consumption and Production, SDG 13 - Climate Action, and SDG 15 - Life on Land, demonstrating the potential of university extension as a tool for socio-environmental transformation and the strengthening of territorial sustainability.
Assessment of the Genotoxic Potential of 17β-estradiol in Different Filters Using the Comet Assay
This study assessed the genotoxicity of different filtering materials in remediating the hormone 17β-estradiol (E2), an emerging contaminant with genotoxic potential. The comet assay was performed using Allium cepa root cells to evaluate DNA damage after filtration. Filters containing banana biomass, Pleurotus ostreatus biomass, δ-FeOOH, and a combination of the three were tested. All treatments were efficient in reducing E2-induced DNA damage, with δ-FeOOH showing the highest remediation performance, presenting the lowest DNA Damage Index and Damage Frequency. The ImageJ software was used for the analysis of images obtained by epifluorescence microscopy, being essential for accurate measurement of DNA migration. The findings highlight the potential of natural, low-cost materials in the treatment of estrogen-contaminated effluents, supporting the development of sustainable environmental technologies.
Valuation of Lithium Mining Waste for Water Treatment: An Experimental Study and Broader Implications of Residual Aluminum Silicate (Al2SiO5) as an Artificial Zeolite
This study explored the potential of residual aluminum silicate (Al2SiO5), a mining byproduct collected from Brazilian Lithium Company (CBL), as a flocculating agent in the treatment of clay particle-laden waters. The experiments evaluated the material's ability to aggregate particles and reduce water turbidity under different conditions, acting as an artificial zeolite. Results demonstrated the effectiveness of residual aluminum silicate in flocculation, outperforming the control treatment. It was observed that the flocculant's performance was influenced by the medium's pH, being more efficient under alkaline conditions. This work suggests that residual aluminum silicate is a promising candidate for water treatment, but highlights the need for further understanding of its action and optimization for large-scale applications.
Comparative Analysis Between the Empirical DNIT Method and the Mechanistic-Empirical MeDiNa in Flexible Pavement Design: A Case Study on BR-135 (Itacarambi–Manga Section)
This study presents a comparative analysis between the empirical DNIT method and the mechanistic-empirical MeDiNa method for flexible pavement design. The research aimed to identify the conceptual and practical differences between the methodologies, highlighting calculation criteria, structural parameters, and long-term performance. Case studies and technical references were used to demonstrate the advantages of MeDiNa, such as greater accuracy in handling traffic, climate, and material variables, as well as the ability to estimate pavement behavior over time. On the other hand, the empirical DNIT method, although well-established, shows limitations under current conditions. The results indicate that MeDiNa represents a significant advancement, allowing for more efficient and durable designs, and is considered a superior alternative for modern pavement design in Brazil.
Analysis of Seasonal Variation in the Vegetation Carbon Flux in Quiterianópolis, Ceará, Brazil
Vegetation is of significant importance in various ecosystemic, biotic, and abiotic relationships, particularly for its active role in maintaining biogeochemical cycles. A prime example is the carbon cycle, where carbon is removed from the atmosphere and relocated to the biosphere through photosynthesis. Recognizing the importance of vegetation in mitigating the climatic and environmental impacts of carbon, this study aimed to perform a spatial-seasonal analysis of phytomass development, light use efficiency in photosynthesis, and carbon flux for the municipality of Quiterianópolis, Ceará. The analysis was conducted using biophysical indices (NDVI, sPRI, and CO2Flux) derived from Landsat 8 satellite imagery. The findings revealed that climatic seasonality influences the spatial distribution and values of phytomass development, light use efficiency, and carbon assimilation. The variables analyzed during the rainy season were found to be more developed compared to the results from the dry season. This phenomenon is related to the phenological stages of vegetation, which respond to the abiotic stimuli provided by climatic seasonality.
Assessing the Impact of Land Use, Land Cover, and Precipitation on Water Quality in the Funil Stream, Ouro Preto – MG, Brazil
With population growth, the demand for water resources increases, intensifying environmental pressures. Among these, inadequate land management practices can significantly affect the integrity of aquatic ecosystems. This study investigates the effects of precipitation patterns and anthropogenic changes in the landscape on water conditions in a watershed located in Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Data on water parameters were collected from the Minas Gerais Water Management Institute (IGAM), precipitation records from the National Institute of Meteorology (INMET), and land cover data from the United States Geological Survey (USGS), analyzed using ArcGIS 10.5/ArcMap®. The results indicate variations in water characteristics associated with increased surface runoff and the mobilization of geological materials, including heavy metals. These changes appear to be linked to soil exposure over time, as observed in remote sensing analyses. Additionally, the presence of mining activities in the area may be a contributing factor to water quality degradation.
Evaluation of Approximate Methodologies for Dimensioning Reinforced Concrete Columns According to NBR 6118
A comparative analysis was carried out between two semi-empirical methods for calculating double-supported columns established by ABNT NBR 6118 de 2023, “Concrete Structures Design – Procedure”, with emphasis on columns classified as moderately slender, with a slenderness index between 35 and 90. A comparison was made of steel consumption and the moment requesting calculation for 18 different columns (geometry and loading), considering the calculation methods (I) of the standard column with approximate curvature and, (II) of the standard column with approximate “κ” stiffness. The main differences obtained refer to the methodology for calculating second-order geometric effects for evaluating the structural deformability of bars after being requested by design loads. The analyzes carried out considered the three classifications of pillars provided for in the Brazilian Regulations: corner, end and center. Finally, it was concluded that methodology (II) standard column method with approximate “κ” stiffness proved to be more economical, with an indication of a reduction in the reinforcement rate of reinforced concrete columns varying in the order of 50% (± 34%) depending on the conditioning variables of each element analyzed.
Study of Electricity Generation in Basic Sanitation Systems in Teófilo Otoni/MG
The aim of this study was to evaluate the implementation of different sources of energy generation in the facilities of the basic sanitation service companies that serve the municipality of Teófilo Otoni, Minas Gerais. It is, therefore, the water supply collection system and the sanitary sewage treatment system. The systems are operated by Companhia de Saneamento de Minas Gerais (COPASA). The energy potential was calculated based on the power and energy equations and was taken into account the quantity of each resource. In the water collection system, the volume of water collected for supply was considered; in the sewage treatment plant, the volume of sewage treated was considered. For each energy potential, the total value was multiplied by the corresponding energy price in the last auctions in which each source participated. In view of the estimated revenue, a financial balance was made concerning energy costs in the water supply and sewage system. Finally, it was found that the financial savings would be positive in the short term if the generation projects were implemented, which could reduce the fees and tariffs applied to sanitation systems.
Creeping Trends and Risk Assessment in Teófilo Otoni: A Case Study on Presidente Prudente Street
This study investigated the creeping phenomena on Presidente Prudente Street, Jardim São Paulo neighborhood, in Teófilo Otoni – MG, using an approach that combined literature review, field analysis, and the application of guidelines from the Ministry of Cities for risk mapping. During the field survey, various indicators of creeping were observed, such as trees with abnormal inclinations, soil cracks, and abandoned buildings with signs of structural deformation. Based on these observations, the area was preliminarily classified as Medium Risk (R2), although this assessment is an initial interpretation. The instability of the terrain and the presence of mass movements indicate potential risks to the safety of constructions in the studied area. This research identified physical signs of these geological phenomena, demonstrating the vulnerability of this location and warning against unplanned urbanization. The study contributes to understanding the geological processes affecting Teófilo Otoni, providing a basis for future studies and interventions aimed at safety and sustainable urban planning in the region.
A study on dynamic non-destructive testing of ground anchorages - dynamic stiffness method
This present paper analyzes an anchored retaining wall using a non-destructive dynamic test, which is based on the variation of the dynamic stiffness of the ground anchors, applied to a real case study. The main objective is to evaluate the applicability and particularities of the method to identify the structural integrity of the anchorages, including their free, total and anchored lengths, as well as their current working loads. The results indicated that the dynamic stiffness of the anchorages varied around 5.0E8 N/m, while the working loads found were values between 74.6 kN and 107.9 kN. The analyses performed indicated that the dynamic stiffness of the anchorages did not present large variations along the anchored wall, proving that the determined lengths accurately reflect the real situation of the anchorages. In addition, a very isonomic distribution of forces was obtained, evidenced by the stiffness values obtained. The method stood out for its practicality in execution and analysis of results, consolidating itself as an effective and non-destructive tool for structural evaluation. Despite the general ease of the method, the study reinforces the need for technical experience in the interpretation of specific steps of the procedure, especially in cases with more complex structural behavior. The test proved to be a reliable solution for the continuous monitoring and diagnosis of containment systems, meeting the requirements of normative inspections and contributing to preventive maintenance. Thus, the work reinforces the potential of the method to ensure the safety, structural performance and longevity of anchored walls.
Study on Mass Movement Risk Area in The Manoel Pimenta Neighborhood in the City of Teófilo Otoni/MG
Brazil is a country with great climatic, geological and socioeconomic diversity. One of the main problems faced in urban centers is the occupation of land, mostly by an economically vulnerable population, in areas at risk of movement of massive soil or in areas of flooding, putting them at risk of material, health and life. This work aims to identify, classify and recommend technical solutions in an area at risk of slope sliding in the Manoel Pimenta neighborhood, in the city of Teófilo Otoni. A history of mass movement and the imminence of new mass movement were noted in the study area, where there are 3 residences, all classified as R4 (High Risk), requiring intervention from public bodies and owners to mitigate risks.
Derechos de autor 2024 International Journal of Geoscience, Engineering and Technology https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Soil and Water Loss Estimation Mathematical Models: A Review
The erosion process is natural but has intensified in recent years due to anthropogenic activities, becoming a socio-environmental issue resulting from soil degradation. This process impacts various areas, and its measurement is a critical tool for adopting management strategies and conservation practices. Mathematical models can estimate soil losses under different environmental conditions. When integrated with GIS environments, these models significantly reduce execution and study costs, while generating valuable information, creating maps, and characterizing the environment. This study aimed to perform a systematic literature review on mathematical models for soil and water loss and to highlight some of their applications through the analysis of articles published in journals and indexed in electronic databases. Over the years, various models have been developed, and their use has proven essential for implementing conservation practices and restoring degraded areas. Due to the complexity of the process, it is crucial to consider the parameters available in each situation to select the most appropriate model.
Editorial to the eleventh issue of the International Journal of Geoscience, Engineering and Technology
Editorial to the eleventh issue of the International Journal of Geoscience, Engineering and Technology.
Comparative analysis of slope classes and terrain ruggedness index using distinct digital elevation models in the Municipality of Jenipapo de Minas
This study assesses terrain variability in the Municipality of Jenipapo de Minas, southeastern Brazil, using Digital Elevation Models (DEMs). The DEMs analyzed include the Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) with 30-meter (SRTM30) and 90-meter (SRTM90) resolutions, as well as the Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER). The comparative analysis was based on topographic characteristics, such as slope and terrain ruggedness index (TRI) were derived from these models to analyze the landscape’s elevation changes. Results showed that elevation differences among the DEMs were similar. The predominant slope was undulating and heavily undulating, consistent with previous studies. The TRI results indicated a high incidence of level terrain, particularly in SRTM30 with 100% of the area and ASTER with almost 100%. However, in the SRTM90, the incidence of the nearly level and slightly Rugged TRI classes in 6.88% of the study area. These findings emphasize how DEM resolution influences terrain characterization, with implications for hydrological studies, environmental planning, and landscape management. Overall, the study underscores the necessity of carefully selecting DEM sources according to the specific analytical requirements, as well as the potential for using a combination of DEMs for a more comprehensive understanding of terrain dynamics across different spatial scales.
Morphometric characterization of the Three Hearts fluviometric station located in the Municipality of Três Corações in Minas Gerais, from SRTM data processed in QGIS
Population growth, industrialization, and the expansion of agriculture in the 20th century worsened the scarcity and degradation of water resources, and for this reason, water management became part of political and socioeconomic debates. The present work aimed to characterize the Three Hearts fluviometric station, located in the municipality of Três Corações, and demarcate the drainage area of the Rio Grande sub-basin, which is part of the greater Paraná River basin. Through remote sensing tools, it was possible to extract information such as elevation model, drainage networks, transversal profiles, basin slope, use of Thiessen Polygons, and flow calculation in geotechnology software (QGis version 2.18), which became important for these types of analyses is evident. This type of study is fundamental because this is the territorial unit for the purposes of planning and managing water resources, which made it possible to characterize the Three Hearts fluviometric station, located in the Municipality of Três Corações.
Analysis of Urban Drainage on the Mucuri Campus of UFVJM
A case study was conducted in the urban drainage course, focusing on analyzing drainage systems across various locations of the campus of the Federal University of Jequitinhonha and Mucuri Valleys (UFVJM). Through technical visits, critical issues were identified, such as the insufficiency of storm drains and their obstruction or damage in several locations, including the University Restaurant, the Roundabout, the Engineering Laboratory, the Gymnasium, the ICET (Institute of Science, Engineering, and Technology), and the Transportation Building. These deficiencies compromise the efficiency of stormwater runoff, resulting in flooding and erosion, especially in low-altitude areas like the University Restaurant. The study highlighted the need for interventions to maintain and improve drainage infrastructure, proposing solutions to minimize environmental and structural impacts. Such as adding more drainage grates and storm drain inlets, creating permeable areas, and strategically distributing manholes. This would increase drainage capacity and significantly reduce the risk of flooding and erosion.
Determination of the landslide risk level of a slope in São Cristóvão neighborhood in Teófilo Otoni/MG
Landslides have become more frequent, driven by climate change that results in heavy rainfall, combined with inadequate occupation of urban areas. These phenomena have negative consequences for society, causing material damage and affecting people's safety. It is important to identify areas susceptible to landslides in order to implement measures to mitigate the associated risks. Thus, this work aims to determine the level of landslide risk of a slope located on Matildes Borges da Rocha Street and Uruguay Street in the São Cristóvão neighborhood, in the city of Teófilo Otoni, Minas Gerais. The methodology adopted included a field survey, photographic records, annotations on field files, and the application of the methodological script for risk analysis and mapping of risk areas in slope and lowland sectors, with a focus on landslides, recommended by the Ministry of Cities in 2007. After the analyses, the results revealed that the study area has a degree of R4 (very high) risk. Given this scenario, there is a need to implement mitigating measures and intervention plans to ensure the physical and property safety of the region's residents.
Standardization and Compliance in Civil Construction: the role of Brazilian standards and regulatory standards
The Industrial Revolution, which took place between the 18th and 19th centuries, spurred the need for standardization and safety in industrial processes, a challenge that the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and, in Brazil, the ABNT have been striving to address since then. The NRs and NBRs (Brazilian Standards) play crucial roles in the safety and efficiency of construction works, encompassing various aspects such as occupational safety, material quality, sustainability, and legal compliance. This paper explores the importance of technical and regulatory standards in Brazilian civil construction, highlighting the role of the Brazilian Association of Technical Standards (ABNT) and the Regulatory Standards (NRs) established by the Ministry of Labour and Employment (MTE). Specific standards such as NR-04, NR-06, NR-17, and NR-23 address workplace safety, while NBRs such as NBR 6118 (Concrete Structures) and NBR 15575 (Building Performance) establish technical standards for civil construction. The rigorous application of these standards brings numerous benefits, such as worker safety, improved construction quality, operational efficiency, and legal compliance.
Development of a Prototype for Water Reservoir Level Monitoring Using an ESP32 Board
The ESP32 is a microcontroller developed by Espressif Systems. It is highly integrated with Wi-Fi and Bluetooth connectivity and widely used in Internet of Things (IoT) projects due to its versatility, performance, and low cost. It is employed in various sectors such as irrigation, commerce, and industry. Nowadays, water monitoring and efficient management are of great importance, mainly due to increased consumption and climate change. Based on this premise, a prototype was developed capable of remotely monitoring the water levels in domestic reservoirs via the Internet. With the development of the prototype, it was observed that it can positively improve, at a reduced cost, the processes of management and decision-making regarding residential water supply, contributing to the reduction of water waste.
Automating Hydroclimatic Data Processing: A VBA Module for Efficient Handling of Large Datasets in Microsoft Access
Hydroclimatic data plays a crucial role in the study of water resources and the surrounding environment. These data are typically obtained from the National Water Agency and the state agencies. However, limited data series are available, and the data may contain undesirable characteristics. Data processing is usually performed using modules developed in spreadsheets; however, this method is impractical when dealing with large volumes of data. This led to the development of a Visual Basic for Applications (VBA) module in Microsoft Office Access to handle the extensive datasets. The application was designed to automatically process empty fields, clean invalid characters, and group data when large gaps appeared at the end of some tables. Finally, it calculated the monthly, daily, and annual averages. The application has proven to be highly intuitive because users only need to follow the sequence of buttons displayed on the screen.
Susceptibility to contamination of wells granted in relation to activities licensed at Supram Leste Mineiro
The risk of contamination of groundwater is determined by hydrogeological factors, such as the porosity of aquifers, static water pressure, and the attenuation capacity of the upper strata, as well as anthropic factors, such as the distribution of human activities on the surface and subsurface, which influence the quantity, frequency, form of release and chemical properties of the contaminants generated. The objective of this study is to identify the susceptibility to contamination of wells granted in relation to activities licensed at Supram Leste Mineiro, based on the analysis of natural vulnerability in the context of the potential for contamination of groundwater and potentially contaminating activities within a radius of 200 m of the wells. The study reveals that although activities in areas with very low vulnerability predominate, the presence of activities with high to medium potential in the vicinity of wells represents a significant risk to the water table. The 126 wells identified as having some type of human activity in their vicinity represent only approximately 10% of the wells that were granted during the period under analysis. However, it is notable that activities with high polluting potential are present in the areas of influence of 52% of these wells (5.56% related to soil and 46.83% to water), which are intended for human consumption or public supply. The results emphasize the need for measures to protect and manage groundwater resources, such as the implementation of clearer and more effective regulations, and increased supervision and monitoring to ensure the quality of water intended for human consumption and other uses.
Antônio Carlos Silva Silva Tavares Mendes
Application of colored pigments in the study of the compressive strength of self-leveling mortars
The study addresses the impact of adding colored pigments on the compressive strength of self-leveling mortar. This simplified application solution is carried out using a concrete mixer truck and hose, reducing the need for labor and accelerating the construction process. Through resistance tests and color analysis, five mortar mixes with different types and proportions of pigments were investigated. The results indicate that the amount and type of pigment can influence the strength and stability of the mortar, with inorganic pigments contributing to the formation of voids and, consequently, to the reduction of strength. Furthermore, the color analysis revealed that the pigments provided uniform and stable shades, essential for aesthetic floor and wall covering applications. Additional investigations should be carried out to deepen the understanding of the influence of pigments on the durability and performance of mortar in different environmental conditions.