Households and electricity in Mexico
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3956734Keywords:
energy, México, consumptionAbstract
In the past two decades, the production of electricity has generated more than a fifth of the CO2 emissions in Mexico. In the same period, electricity consumption in the country has been boosted by household residential sector. Several studies have pointed that increases in welfare levels, expansion of credit and housing have resulted in changes in the goods and services that families consume, despite the persistence of inequality. In particular, even the lower income strata have increased their consumption levels. We explore whether this has happened, and we ask for the environmental implications of this situation. In this paper, we examine: 1) the change in the consumption of electronic goods, 2) the extent to which that consumption is associated with the electrical household consumption; and 3) if income strata have maintained a stable appliance consumption across time. We build a harmonized set of Expenditure Survey Household Income (1992, 2002, 2008 and 2012) with sociodemographic characteristics, income and an over time comparable index of electric appliances consumed by households. In addition, we performed a pooled regression to explore changes in effects between strata and time.
References
Cayla, J.M., Maizi, N., Marchand, C. (2011). The role of income in energy consumption behaviour: Evidence from French households data. Energy Policy, 39(12), 7874–7883. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2011.09.036
CEPAL. (2016). CEPALSTAT: Estadísticas e Indicadores Demográficos y Sociales. América Latina. [online] URL: http://websie.eclac.cl/infest/ajax/cepalstat.asp?carpeta=estadis ticas. Accessed 4 April 2016
CFE, C. F. de E. (2014). ¿Cuál es el consumo de los principales aparatos electrodomésticos? Preguntas Frecuentes. [online] URL: http://www.cfe.gob.mx/Lists/PrefuntasFrecuentesTransp/DispForm.aspx?ID=16&ContentTypeId=0x01004DB3C7433B9CCA4CA541A3D199DE5CA4. Accessed 20 August 2016
Coneval. (2014). Evolución de la población en pobreza en materia de ingresos, 1992-2014. [online] URL: http://www.coneval.org.mx/Medicion/EDP/PublishingImages/ Evolucion_ingresos/EVOL_POBREZA_INGRESOS_92-14_gr.jpg. Accessed 6 September 2016
CONUEE. (2013). Normas Oficiales Mexicanas en Eficiencia Energética Vigentes. Comisión Nacional para el Uso Eficiente de la Energía. Gobierno del Mexico. [online] URL: http://www.gob.mx/conuee/acciones-y-programas/normas-oficiales-mexicanas-en-eficiencia-energetica-vigentes. Accessed 1 September 2016
Esquivel, G. (2011). The dynamics of income inequality in Mexico since NAFTA. Economia, 12(1), 155–179. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/eco.2011.0009
Greening, L. A., Greene, D. L., Difiglio, C. (2000). Energy efficiency and consumption — the rebound effect — a survey. Energy Policy, 28(6–7), 389–401. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0301-4215(00)00021-5
Greening, L. A., Jeng, H. T. (1994). Lifecycle analysis of gasoline expenditure patterns. Energy Economics, 16(3), 217– 228. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0140-9883(94)90035-3
IEA. (2015). World energy outlook 2015. Paris: OECD. [online] URL: http://www.worldenergyoutlook.org/weo2015/
IEA. (2016). EIA Open Data - Qb - U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA). Energy Intensity - Total Primary Energy Consumption per Dollar of GDP (Btu per Year 2005 U.S. Dollars (Purchasing Power Parities). [online] URL: https://www.eia.gov/opendata/qb.cfm?category=2134850.
Instituto Nacional de Ecología y Cambio Climático. (2013). Inventario Nacional de Emisiones de Gases de Efecto Invernadero 1990-2010. [online] URL: http://www.inecc.gob.mx/descargas/cclimatico/inf_inegei_pu blic_2010.pdf.
Jensen, J. O. (2008). Measuring consumption in households: Interpretations and strategies. Ecological Economics, 68(1–2), 353–361. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolecon.2008.03.016
Jones, R. V., Fuertes, A., Lomas, K. J. (2015). The socio-economic, dwelling and appliance related factors affecting electricity consumption in domestic buildings. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 43, 901–917. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2014.11.084
Lenzen, M., Wier, M., Cohen, C., Hayami, H., Pachauri, S., Schaeffer, R. (2006). A comparative multivariate analysis of household energy requirements in Australia, Brazil, Denmark, India and Japan. Energy, 31(2–3), 181–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2005.01.009
López-Calva, L., Lustig, N. (Ed). (2011). La disminución de la desigualdad en América Latina. Mexico, D.F.: Fondo De Cultura Económica. https://www.elfondoenlinea.com/Detalle.aspx?ctit=101603R
O’Neill, B. C., Chen, B. S. (2002). Demographic Determinants of Household Energy Use in the United States. Population and Development Review, 28, 53–88. http://www.jstor.org/stable/3115268
Pachauri, S. (2007). Total and Average Household Energy Requirements. In An energy analysis of household consumption: changing patterns of direct and indirect use in India (pp. 85–108). Dordrecht: Springer. http://www.springer.com/br/book/9781402043017
Pachauri, S., Spreng, D. (2011). Measuring and monitoring energy poverty. Energy Policy, 39(12), 7497–7504. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2011.07.008
Prskawetz, A., Leiwen, J., O’Neill, B. C. (2004). Demographic composition and projections of car use in Austria. Vienna Yearbook of Population Research, 2, 175–201. http://www.jstor.org/stable/23025442
Pucher, J., Evans, T., Wenger, J. (1998). Socioeconomics of urban travel: evidence from the 1995 NPTS. Transportation Quarterly, 52(3). https://trid.trb.org/view.aspx?id=542847. Accessed 9 July 2016
Røpke, I. (2006). Consumption and environment - ecological economic perspectives. University of Roskilde. Department of Manufacturing Engineering and Management, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby. http://orbit.dtu.dk/en/publications/consumption-and-environment--ecological-economic-perspectives(975670a1-2281-4ff4-bad2-0a67db061a25).html
Rosas, J., Sheinbaum, C., Morillon, D. (2010). The structure of household energy consumption and related CO2 emissions by income group in Mexico. Energy for Sustainable Development, 14(2), 127–133. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.esd.2010.04.002
Rosas-Flores, J. A., Gálvez, D. M. (2010). What goes up: Recent trends in Mexican residential energy use. Energy, 35(6), 2596–2602. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2010.01.015
Rosas-Flores, J. A., Rosas-Flores, D., Gálvez, D. M. (2011). Saturation, energy consumption, CO2 emission and energy efficiency from urban and rural households appliances in Mexico. Energy and Buildings, 43(1), 10–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2010.08.020
Sánchez Peña, L. (2012). Hogares y consumo energético en México. Revista Digital Universitaria, 13(10), 1–8. [online] URL: http://www.revista.unam.mx/vol.13/num10/art101/art101.pdf
Sener. (2016). Sistema de Información Energética (SIE). Base de datos. [online] URL: http://sie.energia.gob.mx/. Accessed 4 April 2016
Sheinbaum, C., Dutt, G. S. (1996). The structure of residential energy consumption in the Mexico City Metropolitan Area. Energy for Sustainable Development, 3(1), 43–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0973-0826(08)60181-7
Sovacool, B. K. (2011). Conceptualizing urban household energy use: Climbing the “Energy Services Ladder.” Energy Policy, 39(3), 1659–1668. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2010.12.041
Stephenson, J., Barton, B., Carrington, G., Gnoth, D., Lawson, R., Thorsnes, P. (2010). Energy cultures: A framework for understanding energy behaviours. Energy policy, 38(10), 6120–6129. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2010.05.069
Swan, L. G., Ugursal, V. I. (2009). Modeling of end-use energy consumption in the residential sector: A review of modeling techniques. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 13(8), 1819–1835. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2008.09.033
Van den Bergh, J. C. J. M. (2008). Environmental regulation of households: An empirical review of economic and psychological factors. Ecological Economics, 66(4), 559–574. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolecon.2008.04.007
Wolfram, C., Shelef, O., Gertler, P. J. (2012). How Will Energy Demand Develop in the Developing World? The Journal of Economic Perspectives, 26(1), 119–138. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/jep.26.1.119
Wooldridge, J. M. (2013). Introductory econometrics: a modern approach (5th ed.). Mason, OH: South-Western Cengage Learning.
Yao, R., Steemers, K. (2005). A method of formulating energy load profile for domestic buildings in the UK. Energy and Buildings, 37(6), 663–671. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2004.09.007
Yust, B. L., Guerin, D. A., Coopet, J. G. (2002). Residential Energy Consumption: 1987 to 1997. Family and Consumer Sciences Research Journal, 30(3), 323–349. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1077727X02030003001
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2022 Revista Espinhaço
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
