Fotobiomodulação no Manejo de Manifestações Orais em Pacientes Oncológicos: Uma Revisão de Escopo
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.70597/vozes.v14i29.1467Keywords:
Photobiomodulation, Low-level laser therapy, Oral lesions, Oncology, Head and neck cancerAbstract
The treatment of head and neck cancer may trigger responses that lead to oral alterations, which can negatively affect the quality of life of oncological patients. Understanding these alterations and the possible intervention approaches is essential for accurate diagnosis and treatment. The aim of this study is to address the main oral alterations resulting from radiotherapy and/or chemotherapy, as well as the use of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) for the treatment of these oral lesions. This is a literature review conducted using the databases of the Virtual Health Library (VHL) and the CAPES Periodicals Portal during the months of December 2024 and January 2025. In addition to oral mucositis (OM), other oral manifestations frequently occur during the treatment of these patients due to the effects of chemotherapy and radiotherapy, including trismus, candidiasis, xerostomia/hyposalivation, radiation caries, and osteoradionecrosis. It is important to highlight the ability of laser therapy to promote tissue improvement through increased vascularization and re-epithelialization in already established lesions, such as oral mucositis and trismus, thereby enhancing healing and reducing pain and discomfort. It is concluded that LLLT has proven to be an important and effective therapeutic alternative for the treatment of oral lesions in oncological patients undergoing radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Oral mucositis, trismus, and oral herpes are conditions that respond favorably to this therapy.
Downloads
References
ABDOLMOHAMMADI, Pouria; AALI, Maral; LEHMANN, Christian. Cytokine toxicity and bacterial dysbiosis in chemotherapy-and/or radiotherapy-induced oral mucositis: Pathophysiological mechanisms and therapeutic interventions. Life, MDPI, v. 16, n. 4, p. 644, 2026. DOI: http://doi.org/10.3390/life16040644.
ARKSEY, Hilary; O’MALLEY, Lisa. Scoping studies: towards a methodological framework. International journal of social research methodology, Taylor & Francis, v. 8, n. 1, p. 19–32, 2005. DOI: http://doi.org/10.1080/1364557032000119616.
BARATI, Shadi et al. Effectiveness of photobiomodulation (low-level laser therapy) on treatment of oral mucositis (om) induced by chemoradiotherapy in head and neck cancer patients. Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B: Biology, Elsevier, v. 264, p. 113115, 2025. DOI:
http://doi.org/10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2025.113115.
BEZERRA, Marla Silva et al. Principais complicações bucais em pacientes com câncer de cabeça e pescoço. E-Acadêmica, v. 4, n. 2, p. e1242456–e1242456, 2023. DOI: http://doi.org/10.52076/eacad-v4i2.456.
CAMOLESI, Gisela Cristina Vianna et al. Photobiomodulation for the prevention of oral side effects secondary to head and neck cancer therapy: results of a randomised, single-blind clinical trial. Oral Oncology, Elsevier, v. 164, p. 107266, 2025. DOI: http://doi.org/10.1016/j.oraloncology.2025.107266.
CARNEIRO, Virgínia Rafaeli Teixeira; JÚNIOR, Rafael de Aguiar Vilela. Cuidados paliativos e manifestações orais em pacientes oncológicos: Revisão de literatura. Research, Society and Development, v. 11, n. 6, p.e59911629768–e59911629768, 2022. DOI: http://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v11i6.29768.
CRONSHAW, Mark et al. Photobiomodulation and oral mucositis: a systematic review. Dentistry journal, MDPI, v. 8, n. 3, p. 87, 2020. DOI: http://doi.org/10.3390/dj8030087.
DANTAS, Juliana Borges de Lima et al. Candidíase oral em pacientes submetidos à terapia antineoplásica: uma revisão de literatura. Revista da Faculdade de Odontologia da Universidade Federal da Bahia, v. 50, n. 2, p. 25–34, 2020. DOI: http://doi.org/10.9771/revfo.v50i2.38251.
DIAS, GHEOVANA ZAMPERINI; CAMPOS, LARISSA CAMPANA; MORAES, ROGÉRIO BONFANTE. Laserterapia no tratamento de mucosite oral em pacientes com câncer de cabeça e pescoço. Brazilian Journal of Surgery & Clinical Research, v. 41, n. 3, p. 22, 2022.
DURÃES, Cristina et al. The effect of photobiomodulation on the radiosensitivity of cancer cells: a literature review. Lasers in Medical Science, Springer, v. 40, n. 1, p. 210, 2025a. DOI: http://doi.org/10.1007/s10103-025-04465-0.
DURÃES, Cristina Paixão et al. Effect of photobiomodulation on rat parotid gland cells after ionizing radiation–an experimental study in animal model–part 1. Journal of Stomatology Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Elsevier, p. 102485, 2025b. DOI: http://doi.org/10.1016/j.jormas.2025.102485.
FERNANDES, Anderson Gonçalves; OLIVEIRA, Aline Figueiredo de; SCARPEL, Renata D’Arc. Fotobiomodulação no tratamento do trismo em pacientes tratados por câncer de boca ou orofaringe: um ensaio clínico controlado randomizado. Audiology-Communication Research, SciELO Brasil, v. 28, p.e2558, 2023. DOI: http://doi.org/10.1590/2317-6431-2021-2558pt.
FITZGERALD, Kathleen T et al. Risk factors associated with the development of osteoradionecrosis (orn) in head and neck cancer patients in ireland: A 10-year retrospective review. Radiotherapy and oncology, Elsevier, v. 196, p. 110286, 2024. DOI: http://doi.org/10.1016/j.radonc.2024.110286.
FONSECA, Larissa Lopes et al. Comparison between two antimicrobial photodynamic therapy protocols for oral candidiasis in patients undergoing treatment for head and neck cancer: A two-arm, single-blind clinical trial. Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy, Elsevier, v. 39, p. 102983, 2022. DOI: http://doi.org/10.1016/j.pdpdt.2022.102983.
GONÇALVES, Jéssika Guilherme de Almeida et al. Laserterapia aplicada ao tratamento da mucosite oral em pacientes oncológicos. uma análise bibliométrica. Research, Society and Development, v. 9, n. 7, p. e815974938–e815974938, 2020. DOI: http://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v9i7.4938.
HANNA, Reem et al. A systematic review of laser photobiomodulation dosimetry and treatment protocols in the management of medications-related osteonecrosis of the jaws: A rationalised consensus for future randomised controlled clinical trials. Pharmaceuticals, MDPI, v. 17, n. 8, p. 1011, 2024. DOI: http://doi.org/10.3390/ph17081011.
INCA, INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE CÂNCER. Estimativa 2026: incidência de câncer no brasil. INCA, 2026.168 p. ISBN 978-65-88517-52-9. Disponível em: https://ninho.inca.gov.br/jspui/bitstream/123456789/17914/1/Estima2026_completo%20%281%29.pdf.
JI, Ling et al. Roles of toll-like receptors in radiotherapy-and chemotherapy-induced oral mucositis: a concise review. Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology, Frontiers Media SA, v. 12, p. 831387, 2022. DOI: http://doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2022.831387.
LEE, Charles T; GALLOWAY, Thomas J. Pathogenesis and amelioration of radiation-induced oral mucositis: Lee and galloway. Current treatment options in oncology, Springer, v. 23, n. 3, p. 311–324, 2022. DOI: http://doi.org/10.1007/s11864-022-00959-z.
LIMA, Gabriele Gonçalves-de et al. Delay in the diagnosis of oral squamous cell carcinoma and misuse of low-level laser therapy (lllt) in dentistry: case report. Int. j. odontostomatol.(Print), p. 214–218, 2024.
MARTINS, Manoela Domingues et al. The impact of photobiomodulation therapy on the biology and behavior of head and neck squamous cell carcinomas cell lines. Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B: Biology, Elsevier, v. 209, p. 111924, 2020. DOI: http://doi.org/10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2020.111924.
MENEZES, Ana Carolina dos Santos et al. Phase i study of copaiba aqueous mouthwash in patients with head and neck cancer undergoing radiotherapy. American Society of Clinical Oncology, v. 42, n. 16_suppl, p. e24103, 2024. DOI: http://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.2024.42.16_suppl.e24103.
MOURA, Lucas Aristides Souza; NASCIMENTO, Juliana de Souza do. Eficácia do laser de baixa intensidade no tratamento da mucosite oral em pacientes oncológicos. ID on line. Revista de psicologia, Idonline.org, v. 14, n. 52, p. 991–1002, 2020. DOI: http://doi.org/10.14295/idonline.v14i52.2781.
PEDROSO, Mônica NM et al. Effects of photobiomodulation on oral mucositis, oral pain, xerostomia, salivary flow rate, and quality of life in patients with head and neck cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Supportive Care in Cancer, Springer, v. 34, n. 4, p. 364, 2026. DOI: http://doi.org/10.1007/s00520-026-10575-4.
POTRICH, Ana Rita et al. Impact of photobiomodulation for prevention of oral mucositis on the quality of life of patients with head and neck cancer: a systematic review. Lasers in Medical Science, v. 39, n. 1, p. 1, 2023.
REIS, Lancciane Nilian Celino; ROCHA, Nathália Duarte Barros; FALABELLA, Márcio Eduardo Vieira. Terapia fotobiomoduladora para dor orofacial e trismo: relato de caso. v. 4, n. 3, p. 13636–13647, 2021. DOI: http://doi.org/10.34119/bjhrv4n3-307.
SALES, Paulo Victor Alves de et al. Mechanisms of photobiomodulation therapy in treating and preventing antineoplastic-induced oral mucositis: a systematic review. v. 40, p. e403125, 2025. DOI: http://doi.org/10.1590/acb403125. Disponível em:https://www.scielo.br/j/acb/a/5dRbSycYGYdRfkT5B6NNmyz/?format=pdf&lang=en&ilang=en.
SANKAR, Vidya; XU, Yuanming. Oral complications from oropharyngeal cancer therapy. Cancers, MDPI, v. 15, n. 18, p. 4548, 2023. DOI: http://doi.org/10.3390/cancers15184548.
SCHEPANSKI, Natalia et al. Evaluation of photobiomodulation therapy (pbmt) on salivary flow and composition in head and neck cancer patients undergoing radiation therapy. Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology and Oral Radiology, Elsevier, v. 137, n. 3, p. 253–263, 2024. DOI: http://doi.org/10.1016/j.oooo.2023.11.007.
SCHORR, Joana Leticia et al. Oral adverse effects of head and neck radiotherapy with/without chemotherapy in a southern Brazil hospital. v. 39, p. e008, 2025. DOI: http://doi.org/10.1590/1807-3107bor-2025.vol39.00. Disponível em:https://www.scielo.br/j/bor/a/qCKxwrPKQ7S8x59CYsQRHxr/?format=pdf&lang=en&ilang=en.
SHETTY, Sameep S et al. Oral mucositis: Current knowledge and future directions. Disease-a-Month, Elsevier, v. 68, n. 5, p. 101300, 2022. DOI: http://doi.org/10.1016/j.dama.2022.101300.
SILVA, Amanda Rentero Gimenez do Amaral et al. Efeitos imediatos da fotobiomodulação na produção de saliva. In: SCIELO BRASIL. CoDAS. [S.l.], 2024. v. 36, n. 3, p. e20230224. DOI: http://doi.org/10.1590/2317-1782/20242023224pt.
SILVA, Jéssica Assis Torres et al. Ação da laserterapia em lesões de mucosite oral: série de casos. HU Revista, v. 47, p. 1–6, 2021. DOI: http://doi.org/10.34019/1982-8047.2021.v47.34104.
SILVA, Tamiris et al. Application of photodynamic therapy in pediatric dentistry: Literature review. Pharmaceutics, MDPI, v. 15, n. 9, p. 2335, 2023. DOI: http://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics15092335.
SOARES, Raquel Gusmão et al. Treatment of mucositis with combined 660-and 808-nm-wavelength low-level laser therapy reduced mucositis grade, pain, and use of analgesics: a parallel, single-blind, two-arm controlled study. Lasers in medical science, Springer, v. 33, n. 8, p. 1813–1819, 2018. DOI: http://doi.org/10.1007/s10103-018-2549-y.
SOUSA, FL de et al. Hipossalivação em pacientes oncológicos sob tratamento quimio e radioterápica na fundação centro de controle de oncologia do estado do amazonas (fcecon). Braz J Develop, v. 7, n. 2, p. 15971–81, 2021. DOI: http://doi.org/10.34117/bjdv7n2-291.
SURESH, Nandita et al. Photodynamic therapy: An emerging therapeutic modality in dentistry. Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Elsevier, v. 114, p. 117962, 2024. DOI: http://doi.org/10.1016/j.bmc.2024.117962.
TABOSA, Angeliny Tamiarana Lima et al. Effect of low-level light therapy before radiotherapy in oral squamous cell carcinoma: An in vitro study. Lasers in medical science, Springer, v. 37, n. 9, p. 3527–3536, 2022. DOI: http://doi.org/10.1007/s10103-022-03632-x.
TOMAZELLI, Karin Berria et al. Osteoradionecrosis of the jaws: A retrospective study of cases and treatments in a hospital dentistry service. Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology and Oral Radiology, Elsevier, v. 134, n. 3, p. e125, 2022. DOI: http://doi.org/10.1016/j.oooo.2022.01.240.
WANG, Yufan et al. Diagnostic and therapeutic approaches to jaw osteoradionecrosis. Diagnostics, MDPI, v. 14, n. 23, p. 2676, 2024. DOI: http://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics14232676.
ZELIK, Valesca; GRASSI, Eduarda Faust; ZONTA, Franciele do Nascimento Santos. O odontólogo frente aos cuidados paliativos na oncologia. Arquivos de Ciências da Saúde da UNIPAR, v. 26, n. 3, p. 927, 2022. DOI: http://doi.org/10.25110/arqsaude.v26i3.2022.8716.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
A Revista proporciona acesso público - Open Access - a todo seu conteúdo protegidos pela Licença Creative Commons (CC-BY).
